تبیین تجارب پزشکان و پرستاران از اولویت های مراقبت از زخم سوختگی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات توسعه علوم پرستاری و مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف‌آباد، نجف‌آباد، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت‌های پرستاری و مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: پزشکان و پرستاران در تماس مکرر با بیمار دچار سوختگی قرار دارند، از این‌­رو بهترین منابع جهت دریافت اطلاعات برای طراحی برنامه جامع به‌­منظور ارتقای کیفیت مراقبت­‌ها هستند. بدین منظور این مطالعه با هدف تبیین تجارب پزشکان و پرستاران از اولویت­‌های مراقبت از زخم سوختگی انجام شد.
روش‌ها: این مطالعه یک پژوهش کیفی مبتنی بر تحلیل محتوا بود که در سال 1398 در یک بیمارستان آموزشی و یک بیمارستان نظامی در اصفهان انجام شد. مشارکت­‌کنندگان شامل 7 نفر از پرستاران و پزشکان با حداقل 5 سال سابقه کار در زمینه مراقبت از زخم سوختگی بوده که با روش نمونه­‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. داده­‌ها با استفاده از مصاحبه­‌های فردی نیمه ساختار عمیق با مشارکت­‌کنندگان گردآوری شد و نمونه­‌گیری تا اشباع داده­‌ها ادامه یافت. داده­‌ها به روش تحلیل محتوای قراردادی گرینهام و لوندمن تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: پس از تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌­ها، ۳ طبقه اصلی و 10 زیر طبقه استخراج گردید. طبقه ارزیابی زخم سوختگی با دو زیر طبقه ارزیابی بیمار و ارائه کمک­‌های اولیه و ارزیابی سطح و عمق سوختگی، طبقه مدیریت زخم‌­های سوختگی با چهار زیر طبقه پاکیزه‌سازی و لایه‌­برداری، پانسمان زخم سوختگی، مدیریت درد و آموزش به بیمار، طبقه مراقبت پیگیر از بیماران مبتلا به سوختگی با چهار زیر طبقه تامین سلامت عمومی، مراقبت پوستی، حمایت چند تخصصی و پیشگیری از بدشکلی به‌­دست آمد.
نتیجه‌گیری: طبق تجارب پرستاران و پزشکان بیماران دچار زخم سوختگی نیازهای مراقبتی متعددی در زمینه­‌های جسمی و روانی دارند که اولویت­‌های مراقبتی را برای هر کدام متفاوت از دیگری می‌­کند و لازم است در مراقبت­‌های بیمار محور به این موضوع توجه گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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