شیوع انواع اختلالات روانشناختی در مواجهه با همه گیری کووید-۱۹: مروری نظام مند

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه ا... (عج)

2 مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، موسسه سبک زندگی، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه ا... عج ، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: همه گیری کووید-19 بعنوان یک تهدید جهانی، چالشی برای تاب آوری روانشناختی محسوب می شود. انجام مطالعات سیستماتیک با بررسی و ترکیب همه مستندات مرتبط می تواند تصویری کامل تر از ابعاد این مشکل در جامعه ایجاد کند. هدف از مطالعه حاضر تعیین شیوع انواع اختلالات روانشناختی در مواجهه با همه گیری کووید-۱۹ بود.
روش‌ها: مطالعه به روش مرور نظام مند انجام شد. مطالعات با استفاده از ترکیبات مختلفی از کلیدواژه‌های کووید-19، کروناویروس، همه گیری، اختلالات روانشناختی، سلامت روان، عواقب روانی در  پایگاه علمی خارجی و داخلی Magiran  ، SID،  Iranmedex، Elsevier، Pubmed، Science Direct، Scopus ،Web of Science   در بازه زمانی یک دسامبر 2019 تا 30 می 2020 جمع آوری گردید. از ۴۱۰ مقاله ای که بعد از جستجو وسیع یافت گردید؛ تعداد ۲۸ مقاله جهت استخراج داده‌ها ارزیابی و تحلیل شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج ارزیابی مطالعات، انواع اختلالات روانشناختی شامل استرس، اضطراب، افسردگی، استرس پس از سانحه، پریشانی روانی، اسکیزوفرنی، اختلالات خواب و آشفتگی خواب، تروماتیزه شدن روانی مجاورتی و اعتیاد به اینترنت به طور متوسط تا شدید در میان مردم و کادر درمان را در بحران کووید-۱۹ نشان داد. پرستارانی که در خط مقدم درمان بودند و تماس مستقیم با بیمار کووید-۱۹ داشتند به میزان بیشتری دچار افسردگی، اضطراب، بی خوابی و پریشانی روانی شده بودند. زنان آسیب پذیری بیشتری در مقابل اختلالات روانشناختی و مشکلات خواب داشتند. افراد جوان در دامنه سنی ۳۰-18 سال بیشتر در معرض اختلال اضطراب منتشر و پریشانی روانی بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: کووید-19 سبب شیوع بالا و طیف گسترده ای از انواع اختلالات روانشناختی در میان افراد و گروه های مختلف جامعه و به ویژه در کادر درمان شده است. ارائه کمک به موقع روانشناختی و آموزش راهبردهای مقابله با انواع اختلالات روانشناختی ضروری می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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