کووید-19 و سالمندان مبتلا به بیماری های مزمن: مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بابل

2 مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت های پرستاری، پژوهشکده سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بابل، بابل، ایران

چکیده

یکی از گروههای پرخطر ابتلا به کووید-19، سالمندان مبتلا به بیماری های زمینه ای هستند. با این وجود بسیاری از بیماران سالخورده مبتلا به ویروس کرونا ممکن است پس از آلوده شدن به این ویروس "خاموش" به نظر برسند و یا علائم غیر اختصاصی مانند کاهش فعالیت، خواب آلودگی، عدم تمایل به غذا، بی تفاوتی، گیجی، هذیان، از دست دادن آگاهی نسبت به محیط اطراف، اختلال در تکلم، بی اختیاری ادرار، سقوط متعاقب از دست دادن تعادل و از حال رفتن داشته باشند. بعلاوه، تب علامتی است که در سالمندان بخصوص کهنسالان پنهان می باشد. درصورتی که دمای بدن سالمند، 100 درجه فارنهایت (37.7 درجه) باشد، لازم است تا سالمند مورد بررسی های تشخیصی بیشتری از نظر ابتلا به کووید-19 قرار گیرد. از سویی، دیگر بیماران مبتلا به بیماری های مزمن مانند نارسایی قلبی، اختلات عروقی و COPD، علائم تنفسی ناشی از کووید-19 (سرفه، تنگی نفس و...) را در حالت عادی، تجربه می کنند. به همین دلیل تشخیص کووید-19 در سالمندان مبتلا به بیماری های مزمن سخت تر از سایر افراد است. برای تشخیص بموقع بیماری لازم است با رعایت اقدامات حفاظتی، بررسی های تشخیصی برای تایید کووید-19 انجام شود. لذا می توان نتیجه گرفت سالمندان مبتلا به کووید-19 با سابقه بیماری زمینه ای بیش از سایر مبتلایان به کووید-19 دچار نوع شدید بیماری با علائم دیسترس تنفسی می شوند که می تواند منجر به مرگ بیمار شود. بدون توجه به شدت بیماری، مراقبت حمایتی از این بیماران اصل اساسی می باشد.    

کلیدواژه‌ها


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