استفاده از روش‌های نوین شناسایی میکرواورگانیزم‌های عامل بیوتروریسم با تاکید بر کروماتوگرافی- اسپکتروفتومتری (GC-MS): مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله

2 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بم

3 دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران

چکیده

امروزه با توسعه علم میکروب‌شناسی، بیوتکنولوژی و ژنتیک سلولی و مولکولی، شناخت بشر از میکرواورگانیزم‌ها افزایش‌یافته و امکان ساخت سلاح‌های بیولوژیک با اثرات فراگیر را افزایش داده است. از سوی دیگر رویدادهای بیوتروریستی و ساخت آزمایشگاه‌ها و پایگاه‌های تولیدکننده سلاح‌های بیولوژیک در بسیاری از کشورهای توسعه‌یافته و در حال توسعه لزوم شناسایی و تشخیص سریع این عوامل تهدیدکننده زیستی تأکید می‌کند. شناسایی دقیق این‌گونه عوامل نه تنها برای تأیید یک عملیات بیوتروریسمی، بلکه برای انجام به موقع اقدامات مناسب متناسب با عامل بیولوژیک به‌کاررفته جهت محافظت از سلامت عمومی باید از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. عوامل بیوترویسم همان‌گونه که اشاره شد بسیار متنوع و وسیع الطیف هستند و از این رو شناسایی این عوامل همواره دشوار و پیچیده بوده و روش‌های بسیار متنوعی برای آنها وجود دارد. برخی از روش‌ها از سال‌های پیش مورد استفاده قرار می‌گرفته‌اند، اما برخی همچنان در حال توسعه هستند. در شناسایی و تشخیص عوامل بیوتروریسم مشکلات بسیار زیادی وجود دارد که برخی از آن‌ها مختص به یک روش بوده، اما تعدادی در همه روش‌های مورد استفاده و در حال توسعه مشترک می‌باشند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی روش‌های نوین شناسایی میکرواورگانیزم‌هایی با پتانسیل بیوتروریسم در قالب یک مطالعه مروری که از سال 2000 تا 2020 انجام شده‌اند را بررسی می‌کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


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