آثار روان‌شناختی گسترش بیماری کووید-19 بر وضیعت سلامت روان افراد جامعه: مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه‌الله

2 مرکز علوم اعصاب، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه‌الله، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در پایان دسامبر 2019، گسترش یک بیماری عفونی جدید در شهر ووهان چین گزارش شد، که توسط یک کروناویروس جدید ایجاد شده و رسما توسط سازمان بهداشت جهانی (WHO) به عنوان کووید-19 نام­گذاری گردید. گسترش کووید-19 به دلیل سرعت انتقال آن منحصر به فرد بوده، که باعث ایجاد یک وضیعت اورژانس در بهداشت جهانی طی کم­تر از چند ماه در سراسر کشورهای جهان شد. این بیماری نه تنها سبب نگرانی­های سلامت همگانی می­گردد بلکه سبب بروز تعدادی از بیماری­های روانشناختی می­شود، که شامل اضطراب، ترس، افسردگی، برچسب­زنی، رفتارهای اجتنابی، تحریک­پذیری، اختلال خواب، و اختلال استرس پس از سانحه (PTSD) می­باشد. در این شرایط، حفظ وضیعت سلامت روان افراد ضروری است زیرا مردم در قسمت­های مختلف جامعه ممکن است محرک­های استرس­زایی در طول انتشار کووید-19 تجربه نمایند. افراد در بخش­های مختلف یک جامعه ممکن است علائم روانشناختی به کووید-19 را در طول فاز افزایشی گسترش بیماری تجربه نمایند، که شامل بیماران مبتلا به کووید-19، افراد قرنطینه شده، کارکنان مراقبت های بهداشتی و اعضای خانواده کارکنان پزشکی، کودکان، دانشجویان دانشگاه، زنان حامله، و خانواده­ها هستند. در این راستا، شواهد قوی وجود دارد که وضیعت سلامت روان این افراد، مستعد بروز نشانه­های اختلالات روانشناختی است. از این رو، این مطالعه قصد دارد شیوع علائم روانشناختی در جمیعت­های مستعد در طول انتشار کووید-19 را ارائه نماید و فاکتورهای خطر مشارکت کننده در مختل کردن وضیعت سلامت روان افراد در پاندمی کووید-19 را مشخص نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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