عوامل خطرساز مرتبط با زانو درد در نیروهای پایور مذکر نظامی: یک مطالعه مورد شاهدی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات فیزیوتراپی، دانشکده توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات ارتقای سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زاهدان، زاهدان، ایران

3 کلینیک فیزیوتراپی رویا، تهران، ایران

4 مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: زانو درد باعث ناتوانی در انجام فعالیت­‌های روزانه، کاهش بهره­‌وری و آمادگی رزمی نیروها، و افزایش هزینه­‌های مراقبت­‌های بهداشتی می‌­شود. لذا هدف این پژوهش بررسی عوامل خطرساز مرتبط با زانو درد در نیروهای پایور مذکر نظامی بود.
روش‌ها: این یک مطالعه مورد شاهدی بود که طی آن 150 پایورنظامی مذکر مبتلا به زانو درد مزمن و 150 نظامی سالم از طریق نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده مورد بررسی قرارگرفتند. از پرسشنامه سه قسمتی (اطلاعات فردی و دموگرافیک، اطلاعات شغلی، و اطلاعات بالینی) با سوالات بسته، پرسشنامه‌های استاندارد Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) ، WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index، JRPD (Job Related Physical Demands)، HRA (Health Risk Appraisals) و متر و ترازو به‌عنوان ابزار استفاده شد. برای افراد هر دو گروه چهار پرسشنامه مذکور طی یک جلسه اخذ گردید و به تحلیل و بررسی مطالب در هر دو گروه پرداخته شد.
یافته‌ها: بین نتایج دموگرافیک پایه (سن، قد، وزن، سابقه کاری) دو گروه تفاوت آماری معناداری مشاهده نشد. متغیرهای رسته شغلی سخت (0/010=P < /span>)، سابقه کاری بالا (0/001=P < /span>)، فعالیت‌های فیزیکی سنگین و متوالی (0/025=P < /span>)، وجود ضعف در عضلات چهارسر (0/001=P < /span>)، میزان (سطح) تمرینات ورزشی (0/002=P < /span>)، سابقه قبلی ابتلا به زانو درد (0/003=P < /span>)، و وجود پوسچر بد زانوها هنگام فعالیت (0/003=P < /span>)، کار کردن در وضعیت خم بودن طولانی مدت زانوها (0/001=P < /span>)، کار کردن در وضعیت دو زانو به‌مدت طولانی (0/003=P < /span>)، کار کردن در وضعیت چهارزانو به‌مدت طولانی (0/003=P < /span>)، و کار کردن در وضعیت چمباتمه به‌مدت طولانی (0/002=P < /span>) ارتباط معنادار مثبت، و متغیرهای میزان شاخص توده بدنی (0/015=P < /span>)، سطح تحصیلات (0/001=P < /span>)، مصرف دخانیات (0/015=P < /span>)، وجود دفورمیتی در اندام‌های تحتانی و زانوها (0/003=P < /span>)، وجود تورم (0/003=P < /span>)، وجود کریپتاسیون (0/002=P < /span>)، وجود خشکی و محدودیت حرکتی (0/005=P < /span>)، و وجود کوتاهی همسترینگ‌ها (0/003=P < /span>) ارتباط معنادار منفی با ابتلا به زانو درد در نیروهای پایور مذکر نظامی داشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌نظر می‌رسد با کاهش میزان این عوامل بتوان از ایجاد زانو درد و یا وسعت یافتن آن‌ها جلوگیری نمود و سطح کارایی نیروهای نظامی را بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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