کنترل موثر و ایمن کک های ناقل طاعون با استفاده از تنظیم کننده های رشد حشرات: یک مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج)، تهران، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات بیولوژی مولکولی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج)، تهران، ایران

3 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

از مهم­ترین روش‌های گسترش عوامل بیماری­زا در جنگ­‌های بیولوژیک، استفاده از حشرات ناقل خونخوار است. کک‌ها از مهمترین حشرات مورد توجه در انتقال عوامل میکروبی هستند. تدوین و بروزرسانی روش‌های نوین و اختصاصی کنترل حشرات از ضروریات پدافند غیرعامل و آماده­‌سازی برای مقابله با حملات بیولوژیک و همچنین اپیدمی‌های غیرمنتظره بیماری است. برای مدیریت موفق کک‌ها، راهبردهای مورد استفاده باید به صورت انتخابی عمل کنند و کمترین تاثیر روی محیط زیست و انسان را داشته باشند. در این مطالعه مروری تاثیر ترکیبات شبه هورمونی و تنظیم‌­کننده­‌های رشد حشرات در کنترل کک‌­ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. برای انتخاب مقالات، پایگاه­‌های اطلاعاتی معتبر علمی نظیر EMBASE، PubMed، Scopus، Science direct،Citation Index  و Google Scholar مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. برای بازیابی مطالعات، راهبرد جستجو و انتخاب مقالات بر اساس کلمات کلیدی Control، Fleas، Siphonaptera، Insect growth regulator، hormones mimicsInsect ، با ترکیبات احتمالی مختلف انجام گرفت. جستجو بر اساس کلمات کلیدی در عنوان مقالات و بدون محدودیت زمانی تا سال 2020 انجام شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد در بین تنظیم­‌کننده‌های رشد و سه گروه اصلی که به تولید تجاری رسیده­‌اند شامل آنالوگ­‌های هورمون جوانی، آگونیست­‌های اکدایستروئید و بازدارنده‌های سنتز کیتین، آنالوگ­­‌های هورمون جوانی و بازدارنده‌های سنتز کیتین بیشترین کارایی را علیه کک‌ها داشته­‌اند. تنظیم‌­کننده­‌های رشد حشرات علاوه‌بر اختصاصی بودن علیه حشرات، ماندگاری بالاتری در محیط، نسبت به سایر سموم ایمن دارند. این ترکیبات می­‌توانند جمعیت کک‌ها را سرکوب کنند و از مصرف مداوم سموم شیمیایی جلوگیری کنند. همچنین این ترکیبات بروز مقاومت در جمعیت کک‌­ها را مختل می­‌کنند. در صورت انجام حملات بیولوژیک با استفاده از کک­‌های ناقل طاعون در جنگ‌های بیولوژیک، تنظیم­‌کننده‌های رشد مانند پایروپروکسی­فن و لوفنورون می‌توانند، بدون آسیب به نیروهای خودی، بقا و تولیدمثل کک‌ها را مختل کرده و جمعیت کک را در زمان کوتاهی کنترل کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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