Increasing the Anticancer Potential of Newcastle Diseases Virus with Electrical Pulses in Lung Cancer Cell Line

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

1 Applied Virology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

10.30491/jmm.2024.1006722.1215

Abstract

Background and Aim: Despite the advancements made in various fields of lung cancer treatment, surgery is still recognized as the most effective method for treating this type of cancer, often in conjunction with radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy. Drug resistance, side effects, and the lack of selectivity of these methods have led researchers to continually seek novel and targeted approaches for lung cancer treatment. Among these innovative methods is the use of oncolytic viruses. Various studies have shown that the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has oncolytic activity, as it selectively replicates in tumor cells due to their inadequate antiviral response. The aim of the present study is to enhance the anticancer potential of the NDV using electrical pulses (EP) in lung cancer cell lines.
Methods: In this study, after culturing A549 cells, the effective dose of the NDV was determined. Then, the levels of cell viability, apoptosis percent, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were measured in cancer groups treated with the NDV, with or without EP.
Results: The results of the present study showed that the apoptosis rate (69.00±7.54%), production of ROS (2.08±0.037-fold change), and LDH (73.87±2.07%) in the group treated with the NDV along with EP increased compared to other treatment groups and the control group, while cell viability (45.80±2.70%) significantly decreased.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, it appears that EP lead to an increase in the anticancer potential of the NDV in lung cancer cell lines.

Keywords

Journal of Military Medicine
Volume 26, Issue 4 - Serial Number 128
November and December 2024
Pages 2420-2429

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