Evaluation of Microbial Resistance to Antibiotics in Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Lesions due to Chemical Agents and Non-Chemical Agents

Aims. The routine treatment of chronic bronchitis is bronchodilator drugs and antibiotics. Sulfur mustard is cytotoxic and compromises the immune system, rendering the patient prone to various microorganisms as a result, there is a possibility of microbial resistance to antibiotics. This study aimed at assessing common microorganisms and microbial resistance to antibiotics. Methods. In this study 214 patients treated with antibiotics for chronic bronchitis induced by chemical and non-chemical agents . The subjects were divided into two groups based on the cause of infection: 117 cases induced by sulfur mustard and 97 cases caused by non-chemical agents. Streptococci A, streptococci D and streptococci non A.D, staphylococcus aurous, streptococci epidermitis, Entrobacter, Pseudomonas, E. coli, klebsiella and citrobacter were evaluated in the two groups Results. The most common microorganism in both groups culture were: 57.9% Streptococci non A non D (50% in chemical victims and 50% in non chemical victims), 10.3% staphylococcus aurous (63.6% in chemical victims and 36.4% in non chemical victims), 9.3% pseudomonas aeroginosa (70% in chemical victims and 30% in non chemical victims).   In pseudomonas aeroginosa group: in chemical victims 12 patients (85.7%) were sensitive and 2 patients (14.3%) were resistance to ciprofloxacin, in non chemical victims 6 patients (100%) were sensitive and no resistance to ciprofloxacin were reported. also in chemical victims 8 patients (57.1%) were sensitive and 4 patients (28.6%) were resistance to amikacin, in non chemical victims 4 patients (66.7%) were sensitive and no resistance to amikacin were reported.   In staphylococcus aurous group: in both groups no resistance to ciprofloxacin were reported. also in chemical victims 2 patients (14.3%) were sensitive and 12 patients (85.7%) were resistance to vancomycin, in non chemical victims 8 patients (100%) were sensitive and no resistance to vancomycin were reported.   In streptococci non A non D group: in chemical victims 46 patients (90.2%) were sensitive and 2 patients (3.9%) were resistance to ciprofloxacin, in non chemical victims 39 patients (72.2%) were sensitive and 7 patients (13%) were resistance to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion. Since, the patient's response to ciprofloxacin was higher in both groups and also against all three common bacteria this study could be considered a good medication in treatment of chemical or non chemical chronic bronchitis. However further analytic studies are needed to confirm this results.