تأثیر هشت هفته تمرینات عملکردی با شدت بالا و یا تمرینات چندوجهی با شدت بالا بر شاخص‌های التهابی (NLR، PLR و SII) در دانشجویان افسری

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده فرماندهی و مدیریت، دانشگاه افسری امام علی (ع)، تهران، ایران

2 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران

10.30491/jmm.2026.1006946.1399

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: افزایش توان عملکردی از مهم‌ترین الزامات برای نیروهای نظامی است. در کنار این موضوع، نظارت بر سلامت جسمانی و شاخص‌های زیستی مرتبط با وضعیت التهابی اهمیت ویژه‌ای در تداوم خدمت نظامی دارد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر هشت هفته تمرینات عملکردی با شدت بالا (HIFT) و تمرینات چندوجهی با شدت بالا (HIMT) بر شاخص‌های التهابی دانشجویان دانشگاه افسری انجام شد.
روش‌ها: در این مطالعه نیمه‌تجربی، ۴۲ دانشجوی مرد ۲۰ تا ۲۴ ساله به‌صورت داوطلب در سه گروه مساوی شامل HIFT ،HIMT و کنترل (هر گروه ۱۴ نفر) قرار گرفتند. گروه‌های مداخله به مدت هشت هفته طبق پروتکل‌های تمرینی مربوط فعالیت کردند. نمونه‌های خونی در دو مرحله (ابتدا و ۴۸ ساعت پس از پایان دوره تمرینی) در حالت ناشتا جمع‌آوری شد. داده‌ها پس از بررسی نرمال بودن با آزمون شاپیرو-ویلک، با استفاده از آزمون آنووا یک‌راهه و آزمون تعقیبی توکی تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد تغییرات معناداری در شاخص NLR بین گروه‌ها مشاهده نشد (0/05<P). آزمون تعقیبی توکی تفاوت معناداری بین گروه HIFT و کنترل (0/025=P) و همچنین بین گروه HIFT و HIMT (P=0/004) در شاخص PLR نشان داد، در حالی‌که بین گروه HIMT  و کنترل تفاوتی مشاهده نشد (0/762=P) و در شاخص SII در پس‌آزمون تفاوت معناداری بین گروه‌ها وجود داشت (0/001=P). تحلیل بین‌گروهی نشان داد که بین گروه HIFT و HIMT (P=0/002) و نیز بین گروه HIMT و کنترل (0/001=P) اختلاف معناداری وجود داشت، اما تفاوت بین گروه HIFT و کنترل معنادار نبود (0/432=P).
نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که تمرینات HIFT و HIMT می‌توانند موجب تنظیم پاسخ‌های التهابی سیستم ایمنی شده و به بهبود وضعیت ایمنی دانشجویان افسری کمک کنند. این نتایج اهمیت به‌کارگیری الگوهای نوین تمرینی در برنامه‌های آمادگی جسمانی نظامیان را برجسته می‌سازد.

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